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Innowise ist ein internationales Unternehmen für den vollen Zyklus der Softwareentwicklung, welches 2007 gegründet wurde. Unser Team besteht aus mehr als 1600+ IT-Experten, welche Software für mehrere Branchen und Domänen weltweit entwickeln.

What is WebRTC? Extending real-time communication

What is WebRTC? Extending real-time communication

Hate to state the obvious here, but the modern world has gone full digital. And as you talk to your colleagues over Zoom, and cars talk to mobile apps, and ACs talk to thermostats, and doorbells talk to home servers, there’s one thing that renders this arrangement less efficient as we’d like.

It’s latency and bad connection that ultimately lead to customer dissatisfaction with connected products and services.

Today, we discuss how WebRTC improves connection between peers, enhancing user experience.

Overview of WebRTC development

Before getting into it, we’ll first debunk the notion of technology.

WebRTC is an open real-time communication technology that streamlines data transfers over the internet, prioritizing low latency and high speed. Built on API without the reliance on plugins, it is highly compatible and supported by all major browsers. For native Android and iOS applications, a library offers the same functionality as on the web and is easy to implement. The WebRTC project is open-source and enjoys support from industry leaders like Apple, Google, Microsoft, and Mozilla.

Before the open protocols, businesses had to build proprietary software for video conferencing. This required not only significant investment but also a permanent in-house team to support the solution, fix bugs, and facilitate integrations with other parts of the organization’s digital system.

On the contrary, WebRTC has brought the same functionality directly to the browser. Now, you don’t need to tinker with limited software – you use a browser to connect from almost any device.

Dmitry Nazerevich

CTO bei Innowise

Imagine the convenience and efficiency this brings to your team meetings or client consultations, allowing seamless communication without the traditional hurdles.

But WebRTC’s usefulness doesn’t end at video conferencing. Its ability to transfer almost any data with low latency makes it a go-to solution for IoT developers. In the IoT industry, WebRTC facilitates low latency data transmissions for smart home devices, telehealth solutions, supply management, and more. With the technology becoming more and more available along with the demand growth, companies are looking for ways to safely and quickly relay data. Many are turning to WebRTC for this very reason.

Consider a scenario where a doctor needs to monitor a patient’s vital signs remotely in real time. Using WebRTC, the data can be securely transmitted with minimal delay, ensuring timely medical interventions. Or think about smart home devices, where instant video feeds from security cameras or doorbells are relayed to your smartphone. The low latency and high reliability of WebRTC make it an ideal choice for such applications.

Need a solution for your IoT products?

We leverage WebRTC to build software solutions that guarantee stable performance.

How WebRTC works

The main shtick of WebRTC is that it directly connects the peers without the need of an intermediary. Here’s a breakdown of the entire data transmission process that allows us to see how WebRTC achieves minimal latency.

01

Peer connection establishment

The ICE framework finds the best path to connect the peers by collecting network candidates (IP addresses and ports) and testing connectivity. ICE can work over different network configurations, including Network Address Translations (NATs) and firewalls, to keep the connection stable.

02

Interactive connectivity establishment

The ICE framework finds the best path to connect the peers by collecting network candidates (IP addresses and ports) and testing connectivity. ICE can work over different network configurations to keep the connection stable, including Network Address Translations (NATs) and firewalls.

03

Network address translation traversal

WebRTC uses STUN servers to discover the public IP address and port allocated by the NAT. If direct peer-to-peer communication is not possible, TURN servers are used to relay the media traffic, ensuring that the connection is maintained even through NATs and firewalls.

04

Verschlüsselung

WebRTC encrypts data channels and media streams using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) and Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP). This ensures that all communication is secure and protected from eavesdropping or tampering.

05

Media stream handling

The GetUserMedia API allows web applications to access media streams from the user’s device. These media streams are then passed to the WebRTC components for encoding and transmission. The media streams are packetized and transmitted over Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), which helps time-stamp and synchronize the streams.

The media streams are packetized and transmitted over Real-time Transport Protocol. RTP helps time-stamp and synchronize media streams.

06

Codec negotiation

During the signaling process, the peers negotiate the codecs for the communication session. This ensures that both parties can encode and decode the media streams in a compatible format, allowing for smooth communication.

07

Kommunikation in Echtzeit

Once the connection is established, the peers exchange media streams directly without an intermediary server. This peer-to-peer setup helps achieve low-latency, real-time communication, providing a seamless and responsive user experience.

The aforementioned protocols allow WebRTC to guarantee a stable connection between peers, which is beneficial for cases that require real-time data exchange, such as video streaming, calls, telemedicine, IoT, and other use cases.

Benefits of WebRTC for web and mobile app development

WebRTC is favored by developers looking to implement real-time communication features thanks to its numerous advantages regarding ease of implementation and connection stability. So, what are those and other advantages exactly?

Low latency and high efficiency: WebRTC is designed to facilitate real-time communication with minimal delay. Its peer-to-peer architecture allows data to be transmitted directly between users eliminating server-related delays, which is important for applications where even minor delays can significantly impact user experience.

Built-in encryption: WebRTC encrypts the data using protocols such as DTLS and SRTP. to protect users from data breaches. The measures implemented in WebRTC also eliminate the need for additional features.

Compatibility with various platforms: WebRTC is an open standard supported by all major web browsers and operating systems. This allows developers to target a broader audience with their apps without worrying about compatibility issues.

Reduced server load: WebRTC exchanges data between peers, significantly reducing the need for server resources. This reduction in server load translates to lower operational costs for developers and businesses.

Adaptable to different network conditions: WebRTC uses ICE to find the best path for data transmission, which helps it optimize performance and maintain connection in challenging environments.

Easily scalable: whether for small-scale applications like personal video calls or large-scale implementations such as live streaming events, WebRTC offers the scalability needed to meet different demands.

In summary, WebRTC provides a robust, secure, and cost-effective platform for real-time communication, offering significant benefits for web and mobile app development. Its low latency, built-in security, broad compatibility, cost efficiency, and adaptability make it an invaluable tool for developers aiming to deliver high-quality, real-time communication experiences.

Boost retention and satisfaction rates with your users.

With a reliable connection, your service becomes an extension of their everyday lives.

WebRTC use cases

WebRTC offers a versatile, low-latency solution that many businesses enjoy and others entirely depend on. Here are some critical use cases where WebRTC shines:

Real-time communication and conferencing

Because WebRTC enables high-quality audio and video calls directly in the browser, there’s no need to build separate applications or plugins to talk to people over the internet. In addition, a browser-only conferencing solution is more convenient for the end user: all they have to do is go to the website. There is no need to install and learn the software, and inviting other people is just a matter of sending a link.

Among some popular web-only apps using WebRTC is Google Meet. Apps like Zoom may be native to the platform, but they offer seamless invites via web links.

At Innowise, we have also completed several projects using WebRTC to transfer data without latency. Partnering with one of our clients, we have built a comprehensive conferencing tool that not only featured stable connection during virtual meetings, but also included schedule management and AI integration.

Gaming

Regarding online gaming, lag is a foe more formidable than the opposing team. It is important that the in-game data and communications are transmitted without delay, as it is shier seconds that decide the outcome.

This is why many gaming companies build their products relying on WebRTC for data transmission. Cloud gaming services like NVIDIA GeForce Now and chat apps used by gamers like Discord are prime examples.

Videostreaming

WebRTC’s ability to handle real-time media streams makes it an excellent choice for video streaming applications, providing a smooth and responsive viewing experience. 

Notable examples include Netflix Party: an extension that uses WebRTC to synchronize video playback and enable real-time chat among viewers watching Netflix together. Twitch, a popular streaming platform for gamers, also uses WebRTC to allow viewers to experience real-time interaction with streamers.

Internet der Dinge

IoT is another field of technology where responsiveness is expected, not appreciated. Devices like Nest Cam use WebRTC to stream data to users’ smartphones in real time, and platforms like Teladoc use it to facilitate real-time video consultations between doctors and patients.

Customer service and support

A stable and quick connection with WebRTC enhances the support experience by providing immediate assistance. Apps like Zendesk and Intercom integrate WebRTC to offer real-time chat and video support, helping businesses solve their customers’ issues as quickly as possible.

Online education

WebRTC helps make education more accessible through online learning tools that leverage WebRTC for superb connection quality. It is essential for underserved communities where a good connection may be hard to access.

The online education sector greatly benefits from WebRTC’s real-time capabilities, which facilitate interactive and engaging learning experiences. Online LMSs like Coursera rely on WebRTC to offer real-time discussions and collaborative learning experiences, enhancing the effectiveness of their online courses.

In conclusion, WebRTC’s versatility and low-latency performance make it an invaluable technology across various industries, from communication and gaming to IoT and online education. By enabling real-time interactions, WebRTC enhances user experiences and meets the growing demand for immediate connectivity.

Fazit

From enhancing remote work efficiency to eradicating gaming lag, WebRTC has proven to be a versatile and essential technology. Its ability to deliver low-latency, high-quality communication directly through browsers or mobile applications eliminates many traditional barriers to seamless connectivity.

WebRTC’s broad compatibility and ease of implementation have made it a popular choice for businesses across many industries. By reducing the need for proprietary software and extensive server infrastructure, WebRTC not only lowers operational costs but also accelerates the deployment of real-time communication features. Its robust security protocols ensure that data transmission remains secure, addressing one of the critical concerns in today’s digital landscape.

The adoption of technology continues to grow, promising even more advancements in how we connect and interact in the digital world.

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